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1.
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology ; (12): 343-347, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-935393

ABSTRACT

Objective: To analyze the repetitive reporting of hepatitis B in Fujian province during 2016-2020, and provide evidence for the improvement of hepatitis B surveillance. Methods: The reporting cards from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention were collected and divided into repetitive reporting cards and non-repetitive reporting cards from the report cards collected according to the valid ID number on the cards, and the proportion of repetitive report cards and related factors were analyzed by using software SAS 9.4. Results: A total of 314 551 hepatitis B reporting cards were submitted in Fujian from 2016 to 2020, in which 90.93% (286 020/314 551) were included in the analysis. The repetitive reporting cards accounted for 10.48% (29 982/286 020). The annual proportion of the repetitive reporting cards from 2016 to 2020 was between 2.98% and 3.71%, showing an overall increasing trend year by year (Z=2.26, P=0.024). The proportions of the repetitive reporting cards in 1-5 years were 3.17%, 5.40%, 7.74%, 9.27% and 10.48%, respectively, showing an increase trend with year (Z=128.16, P<0.001). The proportions of the repetitive reporting cards in 10 areas of Fujian ranged from 5.44% to 13.48% with significant difference (χ2=2 050.41, P<0.001) and increased with the increase of reported incidence of hepatitis B (Z=26.92, P<0.001). There were significant differences in relationships between repetitive reporting proportion and sex, age and type of the cases between the areas with high incidence and low incidence of hepatitis B. Conclusions: The reported incidence of hepatitis B was seriously affected by the repetitive reporting in Fujian from 2016 to 2020. A cross-year and cross-area surveillance mechanism for hepatitis B should be established and targeted measures should be taken to strengthen the control of the repetitive reporting and improve the surveillance for hepatitis B.


Subject(s)
Humans , China/epidemiology , Data Collection , Hepatitis B/epidemiology , Incidence , Software
2.
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention ; (12): 911-915,937, 2019.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-779440

ABSTRACT

Objective The aim is to analyze the spatial epidemiological characteristics for human infection with avian influenza H7N9 in Fujian Province, so as to provide scientific evidence for developing and adjusting related control strategies. Methods The epidemiological data of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza in Fujian Province, from 2013 to 2017 was analyzed by SAS 9.2, ArcGIS 10.3 and SaTScan 9.4 software.Results There were a total of 108 cases and 28 deaths reported in Fujian Province, up to December 31, 2017. The case fatality rate was 25.93%.96.30% of cases were sporadic. There were more incidences in winters and springs, more incidences in rural areas. The global spatial autocorrelation and high/low clustering analysis indicated that clusters at the county level were in the shore areas (Z=3.74, P<0.001; Z=5.26, P<0.001). The cities of Changle, Fuqing, Jinjiang and Siming were the high-high clustered areas and local hot-points. There were two clusters, from December 2014 to March 2015, the most likely cluster regions was centered around Zhangpu County with a radius of 63.04 km (RR=4.72, LLR=11.41, P<0.001). The secondary cluster regions was centered around Fuqing City with a radius of 81.98 km (RR=4.07, LLR=7.96, P=0.037). Conclusions Human infection with avian influenza H7N9 in Fujian Province is spatially and temporally clustered. The measures of prevention and control should be focused on high incidence seasons and key regions, and the surveillance of etiology should be strengthened.

3.
China Medical Equipment ; (12): 58-60, 2018.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-706549

ABSTRACT

Objective: To carry out comparative study on energy respond characteristics of 4 kinds of medical diagnostic X-ray dosimeters that included general new imported equipment and domestic equipment.Methods: In the standard radiation field of secondary standard dosimetry laboratory(SSDL)of IAEA,substitution method was adopted to complete contrast measurement of 10 kinds of X-ray diagnosis radiations which voltage were 60-150 kV,tube current were 10 mA and 2.5 mmAl was used as filterable addition.Results: The results of energy respond performances of domestic RD-98 diagnosis dosimeter and imported dosimeter indicated that all of these responses of different energy to dose were within ±5%when X-ray range was 6-150 kV.Conclusion: The energy response characteristics of 4 kinds of new diagnosis X-ray dosimeter were better,and the response of different energy to dose conforms to the requirement of IEC in diagnosis dosimeters of semiconductor detector and air ionization chamber.

4.
Chinese Journal of Zoonoses ; (12): 685-689, 2017.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-703027

ABSTRACT

In order to investigate the pathogens associated with a clustered event of fever occurred in a kindergarten in Fuzhou,Fujian Province,samples were collected from pediatric cases in the kindergarten and screened for various possible viral agents by real-time PCR.Of 10 respiratory specimens,7 were positive of human adenovirus (HAdV).The positive samples were inoculated into HEp-2 cell-lines for viral isolation.The PCR products of the hypervariable regions of Hexon gene were sequenced,followed by BLAST searches for viral type identification.In comparison with the strains prevalent in domestic or abroad in recent years,the deduced amino acid sequences showed no amino acid mutation in the hypervariable regions of Hexon.Combined with clinical manifestation and field epidemiological data,human adenovirus type 7 could be confirmed as the pathogen linked to the clustered event.

5.
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ; (12): 810-813, 2014.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-254193

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and its significance in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 96 very low birth weight infants (gestational age of ≤ 32 weeks) who survived for more than 28 days and were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit between January 2010 and December 2012. These subjects were divided into BPD group (n=21) and non-BPD group (n=75). The expression of TGF-β1 and PAI-1 in blood was measured by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The levels of TGF-β1 and PAI-1 in the BPD group increased gradually from the 7th day to the 14th day and then to the 21st day after birth, and were significantly higher than in the non-BPD group at all time points (P<0.01). The TGF-β1 and PAI-1 levels in the non-BPD group on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days after birth were not significantly different from each other (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expression of TGF-β1 and PAI-1 in blood is elevated in premature infants with BPD, which may be associated with the development of BPD.</p>


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia , Metabolism , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Infant, Premature , Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 , Blood , Retrospective Studies , Transforming Growth Factor beta1 , Blood
6.
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences ; (12): 502-510, 2009.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-360635

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the infectivity of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) during its incubation period by investigating chains of transmission and individuals isolated for medical observation with a view to providing scientific evidence for updating protocols of medical isolation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Individuals related with the two SARS chains of transmission in Beijing in 2003 and a group of individuals isolated for medical observation in Haidian district of Beijing during the SARS outbreak were selected as subjects of study. Contactors with SARS patients and those with symptom development following the contacts were investigated via questionnaire. Serum samples were collected from super transmitters and tested for SARS-CoV antibody by neutralization test and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 1112 contactors were investigated in three surveys. Of them, 669 had a history of close contact with symptomatic SARS patients, 101 developed symptoms with a rate of 15.1%, 363 had a history of close contact with patients in their incubation period, none of whom developed symptoms (0%). Serum samples were collected from 32 highly-exposed individuals, of whom 13 developing SARS symptoms after contact had serum samples positive for SARS-CoV antibody. Samples collected from the asymptomatic contactors were all negative for SARS-CoV antibody.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SARS cases are infectious only during their symptomatic period and are non-infectious during the incubation period. Isolation for medical observation should be placed for individuals who are in close contact with symptomatic SARS patients. The results of our study are of decisive significance for the Ministry of Health to the definition of SARS close contactor.</p>


Subject(s)
Humans , China , Epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Infectious Disease Incubation Period , Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus , Physiology , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome , Epidemiology , Virology
7.
Chinese Journal of Stomatology ; (12): 716-718, 2008.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-346802

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the value of microsurgical reconstruction of the tongue after hemiglossectomy with lateral arm free flaps in the treatment of tongue cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From October 2006 to April 2007, ten patients underwent simultaneous reconstruction of the tongue and oral floor defects with lateral arm free flaps after resection of squamous cell carcinoma of tongue in our hospital. The flaps ranged from 8 cm x 5 cm to 9 cm x 6 cm in size, and were adjusted to the defect of the tongue. The vascular pedicle included the posterior radial collateral artery and the accompanying veins. The outcome of reconstruction was evaluated by follow-up examinations, including the contour and mobility of the reconstructed tongue, the swallowing function and the speech function.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients recovered uneventfully from surgery, without any major postoperative complications. The transplanted flaps survived. During follow-up period the contour of the reconstructed tongues was satisfactory. The patients demonstrated good functional mobility of the reconstructed and remaining tongue. Postoperatively, the swallowing and speech function was nearly at normal levels and the patients could ingest a solid or semisolid diet.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Microvascular reconstruction of the tongue with lateral arm free flaps after hemiglossectomy is an ideal and safe method, but long term results need to be further studied.</p>


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arm , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , General Surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Methods , Skin Transplantation , Surgical Flaps , Tongue , General Surgery , Tongue Neoplasms , General Surgery , Treatment Outcome
8.
Chinese Journal of Plastic Surgery ; (6): 253-256, 2008.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-325866

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical application of free forearm flap in the functional hemitongue reconstruction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From July 2002 to November 2006, 40 patients with tongue cancer underwent hemiglossectomy and primary hemitongue reconstruction with free forearm flaps. In some cases, the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerves of the flaps were anastomosed with the lingual nerve to restore the flap sensation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients recovered uneventfully after surgery with no morbidity in the donor site. All free flaps survived. The average follow-up period was 2 years and 6 months. The aesthetic and functional results were both satisfactory. The swallowing and speech function were almost normal. The flap sensation was partially restored.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Good functional hemitongue reconstruction can be achieved with free forearm flaps.</p>


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Forearm , General Surgery , Muscle, Skeletal , Transplantation , Oral Surgical Procedures , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Methods , Skin Transplantation , Surgical Flaps , Tongue Neoplasms , General Surgery
9.
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology ; (12): 1013-1016, 2008.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-298335

ABSTRACT

Objeetive To study the public health emergent events(PHEE)in Fujian province,from 2004 to 2007.Methods Descriptive and analytic methods were Used to analyze the PHEE in Fujian province aecording to the internet.based surveillance reports.Results From 2004 to 2007.there were 304 emergency events being surveyed.Of all the events,there were 7(2.30%)belonged to serious-degree of grade II,57(18.75%)to gradeⅢand 240(78.95%)t0 gradeⅣ,but with no grade I.Results showed that the attack rate in affected population WaS 25.82‰.the mortality rate was 0.08‰and the fatalky rate Was 0.32%.The numbers of emergency events decreased 2.82%on average.each year.A total number of 169(55.60%)events occurred in schools with 71(23.36%)in the countryside.Numbers due to infectious disease-born Was 233(76.64%)including avian flu,cholera and dengue fever were predominant pathogens of the grade II and grade emergency events.57(18.75%)of the events was due to food poisoning.The epi.garph showed that there were two peaks.I.e.in Mar-Apr and Sep.contributed 43.1%to the total number of events.Conclusion Emergency events showed a stable decrease in FujJan province with communicable disease and food poisoning the two major sources and more commonly seen in schools and countryside.We suggest that the government and community pay more attention to the emergency events of avian flu,cholera and dengue fever.

10.
Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion ; (12): 652-656, 2007.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-262099

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare clinical therapeutic effects of abdominal acupuncture and traditional acupuncture on cervical spondylosis (CS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-two cases of neck or nerve-root type CS were randomly divided into an observation group (n=32) treated by abdominal acupuncture at Zhongwan (CV 12), Guanyuan (CV 4) and others, and a control group (n=30) treated by traditional acupuncture at Fengchi (GB 20) and cervical Jiaji (EX-B 2), etc.. Simplified McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) and clinical therapeutic effects were served as the objective indexes. Their clinical therapeutic effects were compared after the first session of treatment, at the end of therapeutic course and 3 months after the end of treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The two groups had a same effective rate of 100.0%. All items of MPQ in these two groups after treatment and 3 months after the end of treatment significantly improved, and in the observation group the differences in the PRI feeling score before and after the first treatment, and the difference of the total PRI scores after the first treatment, at the end of therapeutic course and 3 months after the end of treatment significantly improved as compared with the control group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Abdominal acupuncture can better reduce the pain of the patient caused by CS, with transient pain-alleviating effect, but whether or not the clinical therapeutic effect of abdominal acupuncture is better than the traditional acupuncture still can not be proved.</p>


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Abdomen , Acupuncture Therapy , Methods , Cervical Vertebrae , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Spinal Osteophytosis , Therapeutics
11.
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ; (12): 181-183, 2006.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-262750

ABSTRACT

Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS-I) is an inborn error of metabolism with progressive multisystem involvement. Hurler syndrome is the most severe form of MPS-I that causes progressive deterioration of the central nervous system with ensuing death. This study reported the therapeutic effect of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) on Hurler syndrome in one case. The patient was a 25-month-old boy. He underwent allo-HSCT. The donor was his elder sister whose HLA-B locus was not matching. The reduced-intensity of BuCy conditioning regimen in allo-HSCT for this patient was as follows: busulfan 3.7 mg/kg daily at 9 to 6 days before transplantation, cyclophosphamide 42.8 mg/kg daily at 5 to 2 days before transplantation, and rabbit antithymocyte globulin 3.5 mg/kg daily at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days before transplantation. Human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (CD34+ cells 12.8 x10(6)/kg) were infused and cyclosporine (CSA), short-course methotrexate, daclizumab and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) were administered to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Complete donor-type engraftment was confirmed by Short Tandem Repeat-Polymerase Chain Reaction (STR-PCR) on day 14 after transplantation. Neutrophil and platelet engraftment occurred on days 11 and 19 after transplantation respectively. Only grade I regimen-related toxicity of live and gastrointestinal tract occurred. GVHD and graft failure were not observed. After transplantation, the clinical symptoms and the neurocognitive function were greatly improved in this patient. It was concluded that allo-HSCT was effective for the treatment of MPS-I. The reduced-intensity conditioning regimen was helpful to decrease the regimen-related toxicity. Sufficient immunosuppressive therapy and adequate hematopoietic stem cells infusion may be beneficial to the donor cell engraftment and reducing the incidence of graft failure and GVHD.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Humans , Male , Follow-Up Studies , Graft vs Host Disease , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Mucopolysaccharidosis I , Therapeutics , Transplantation, Homologous
12.
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences ; (12): 399-404, 2006.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-249909

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of iron and phosphorus on Microcystis physiological reactions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The experimental conditions were chosen as the light dark cycles of 16 h 8 h, 12 h 12 h, and 8 h 16 h. The cell change of morphology and life history, cell number, cell color, and cell area of Microcystis were analyzed quantitatively. According to the resource competition and Monod equation, Microcystis kinetics of phosphorus and iron were also examined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The longer light time caused more special cell division, slower growth rate, and easier change of bigger cell area. The color of alga was changed from green to brown. Ks and micromax of phosphorus absorption were 0.0352 mircomol x L(-l) and 0.493 d(-1), respectively. Those of iron absorption were 0.00323 micromol x L(-1) and 0.483 d(-1).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Microcystis bloom is more dominant than other algae.</p>


Subject(s)
Iron , Physiology , Light , Microcystis , Metabolism , Phosphorus , Physiology
13.
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology ; (12): 694-697, 2005.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-331803

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the timeliness of the notifiable communicable diseases surveillance system in Fujian province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Database from the internet based communicable diseases reporting system was used.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 50th percentile of time between the disease diagnosed and report recorded in medical faculties was 1 day in 2004 which was 6 days less than that in 2001 - 2003. The timeliness rate of 0 day was 46.46%, a 2.7 times over that in 2001 - 2003. The timeliness of notifiable communicable diseases surveillance system in different administrative areas, reporting units and on different diseases was significantly different. Time between the disease diagnosed and report recorded was the shortest in those cases reported by hospitals and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) hospitals at the county level and above, with 50th percentile as 0 day, but the timeliness rate of 0 day was 50.76% with 70.04% of the cases were reported from hospitals and TCM hospitals of county level and above. Length between the disease diagnosed and reported was the longest in those cases recorded by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDCs) with the 50th percentile as 3 days. The source of cases recorded by CDCs came from hospitals at the township level, where there was no connection to internet but the reporting cards had to be sent to local CDCs. Time between the disease being diagnosed and reported was 2 days in those cases reported by hospitals at the township level. 21.21% of cases were recorded by hospitals of township level and CDCs. The 50th percentile of time shown between the reported records and confirmed by CDCs was 4 hours The 24 hour timeliness rate was 63.65%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The timeliness of the notifiable communicable diseases surveillance system had been improved significantly after the medical personnel recording the cases directly through internet. Timeliness could be further improved through access to internet at the hospitals of township level, training of staff and better hospital management systems.</p>


Subject(s)
China , Epidemiology , Communicable Diseases , Epidemiology , Databases, Factual , Disease Notification , Methods , Hospitals , Internet , Time Factors
14.
Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion ; (12): 395-398, 2005.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-258972

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare clinical therapeutic effects of phased integral acupuncture and routine acupuncture on patients with cerebral infarction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and thirteen cases were randomly divided into a treatment group (n = 63) treated by phased integral acupuncture and a control group (n = 50) treated by routine acupuncture. Their clinical therapeutic effects were compared after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The treatment group in the decreases of both the diagnostic score for TCM diseases of stroke and the score for neurological function defect, and the therapeutic effect was superior to the control group with significant differences (all P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The phased integral acupuncture is an effective therapy with a therapeutic effect better than that of the routine acupuncture for treatment of hemiplegia due to cerebral infarction.</p>


Subject(s)
Humans , Acupuncture Therapy , Cerebral Infarction , Hemiplegia , Therapeutics , Research Design , Stroke , Therapeutics
15.
Journal of Experimental Hematology ; (6): 770-773, 2004.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-347865

ABSTRACT

In order to determine the involvement of CALM-AF10 fusion transcripted in primary leukaemias with t(10;11) and its chemotherapy sensitivity in vitro, the AF10-CALM fusion transcripts were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the chemotherapy sensitivity testing in vitro was undergone by MTT assay in five t(10;11) leukemia samples from patients with ALL, AML and lymphoblastic lymphoma. The results showed that five different-sized AF10-CALM product and four different-sized CALM-AF10 products were detected. The chemotherapy sensitivity of leukemic cells with t(10;11) in vitro to drugs is lower than that of leukemic cells without t(10;11). 3 out of 5 cases of t(10;11) leukemia were sensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs, while 31 out of 36 cases of leukemia without t(10;11) were sensitive at same condition. There were significant differences (P < 0.01), consistent with clinical features of patients. Apoptosis rate of leukemic cells with t(10;11) induced by chemotherapeutic drugs was lower than that of leukemic cells without t(10;11), (16.37 +/- 2.56)%, and (33.75 +/- 5.59)%, respectively (P < 0.01). It is concluded that the CALM-AF10 fusion transcripts are a common features and are involved in the pathogenesis of haematological malignancies with t(10;11), and are associated with a poor prognosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Antineoplastic Agents , Pharmacology , Cell Survival , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10 , Genetics , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 , Genetics , Leukemia , Genetics , Pathology , Oncogene Proteins, Fusion , Genetics , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Transcriptional Activation , Translocation, Genetic , Tumor Cells, Cultured
16.
Journal of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine ; (6)2004.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-572763

ABSTRACT

This article reviews the editorial work in publishing Journal of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in the past 20 years, which includes the background when the Journal was first published, its characteristics and achievements. It is believed that TCM characteristics, advanced academic content and standardization of edition are the three important principles in publishing the Journal. It is sticking to these principles that the Journal has increased its communicating efficacy and its academic impact.

17.
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics ; (12): 804-807, 2003.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-269410

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The survival rate of cadaveric renal transplant in children has been improved following the development of transplantation technology and the application of immunosuppressive agents. In this study, the prognosis of renal transplantation, operative procedure and immunosuppressive agents administration in 21 children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were analyzed.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 1985 to December 2001, 21 patients (9 males and 12 females with a mean age of 14 +/- 2 yr, mean body weight of 33.4 kg and mean height of 136.5 cm) received renal transplantation because of ESRD were enrolled in the study. The patients with an average GFR of 8.28 ml/min were managed with dialysis for 13.4 months in average pro-transplantation. All cadaveric kidneys were from adults, which included 1 donor with one HLA mismatch, 3 with two mismatches, 5 with three mismatches and 4 with four mismatches. All transplantations were performed with anastomoses of the adults' renal artery and vein to the children's iliac externa artery and iliac externa vein. Biological inducement therapy was given in 4 cases. At the first 3 - 5 days post-transplantation, methylprednisolone was administered [7 mg/(kg.d)]. All patients received baseline diploid or triple immunosuppression therapy of cyclosporin A [6 - 8 mg/(kg.d)] or FK506 [0.18 - 0.25 mg/(kg.d)], mycophenolate mofetil [MMF 10 - 15 mg/(kg.d)] or azathioprine [1 - 3 mg/(kg.d)] and prednisone [0.4 - 0.6 mg/(kg.d)]. High-dose methylprednisolone [10 mg/(kg.d)] was administered to control the acute rejection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The renal function of patients was restored 5.6 days in average after transplantations. The 1st, 3rd and 5th year survival rates of recipient/graft were 95.2%/95.2%, 86.7%/73.3% and 72.7%/63.6%, respectively. One case had super-acute renal rejection, 5 cases had acute rejection, 3 cases had delayed graft function and 3 patients died. The longest survival time was 12 years. The major complications included hypertension (47.6%), diabetes (19.4%), infection (19.4%) and drug-induced hepatic injury (14.2%). Catch-up growth was seen in most of the pediatric recipients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Renal transplantation is the most ideal method to treat children with ESRD, and the growth of the pediatric patients will be improved after transplantation. Adult donor kidneys adapt to the school age patient. And the protocol of immunosuppressive therapy (prednisone plus MMF and FK506) should be applied.</p>


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Histocompatibility Testing , Kidney Failure, Chronic , Mortality , Therapeutics , Kidney Transplantation , Postoperative Care , Preoperative Care , Prognosis , Survival Rate , Time Factors
18.
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology ; (12): 169-171, 2003.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-244214

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To estimate the frequency of injections and proportion of unsafe injections and to analyses the critical determinants of poor injection practices in general population in China. Also, to study knowledge, attitudes, practice research in providers and general population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A random sample consisting residents and health care providers in a rural county was elected and interview about the frequency of received injection, as well as knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding injections were studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Overall, 1 004 village residents, and 94 providers were interviewed. Among residents, 145 persons (14.4%), with 457 times (0.46 times per person) had received at least one injection during the previous 3 months. The frequency of injection was 1.84 per year. The proportion of received injections on treatment and immunizations was significantly different among > 12 years age group and < or = 12 years age group. Ninety-four point four percent of disposable syringes/needles were used for injections. Knowledge among the population and providers regarding injection safety was limited.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Injections were moderately frequent in this rural area and the proportions of disposable syringes/needles used for injections was very high. Knowledge of safe injection and reasonable injection as well as consciousness of self-protection in the providers and residents need to be improved.</p>


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , China , Epidemiology , Disposable Equipment , Equipment Reuse , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Injections , Risk Factors , Rural Health Services , Safety , Surveys and Questionnaires , Syringes
19.
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology ; (12): 176-179, 2003.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-244212

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide evidence for intervention measures on safe injection through a survey on the safety of injection in the health facilities in Wulong county, Chongqing city, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An investigation on injection safety was conducted among health care providers with a uniform questionnaire.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Glass syringes which were not appropriately sterilized was found in 52.2% (12/23) of the health facilities. Injection practices were not correct in 31.4% (11/35) of the health facilities. Used disposable syringes were discarded directly without any disposal in 63.6% (21/33) of the health facilities. At least one of the unsafe injection practices mentioned above existed in 77.1% (27/35) of the health facilities.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The main unsafe factors in the practice of injection are included: the practice to change needle but not syringe in penicillin allergic test and the injuries caused by used disposable syringes in medical staff. The important measures to improve injection safety were to train the medical staff on the knowledge about safe injection and the risks caused by unsafe injection, and to equip the health facilities with safe tools to destroy the used disposable syringes.</p>


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , China , Epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Disinfection , Disposable Equipment , Equipment Reuse , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Injections , Risk Factors , Rural Health Services , Safety , Sampling Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Syringes
20.
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology ; (12): 1093-1095, 2003.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-246397

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>An epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) hit Beijing, China, between March and July 2003 with an attack rate of 1.9 per 10 thousand. (2,521 cases). To control the epidemic of SARS, a total of 30,173 residents were quarantined either in their residence or in quarantine sites. In order to understand the personal need of being quarantined and to estimate the risk of developing SARS during the quarantine period, a survey on the quarantined residents of Haidian District, Beijing, China was carried out.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>33 precincts in Haidian District divided into five groups (7 in north, 6 in south, 7 in west, 6 in east and 7 in central of Haidian District) according to the location of the precincts were involved. The director of Center of Disease Control and Prevention of Haidian District was asked to select 1 precinct from each group according to the workload of the precinct quarantine officers. From those 5 precincts we obtained lists of all quarantined persons from the precinct quarantine officers. All quarantinees were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire. The SARS patients were diagnosed and verified according to the diagnosis criteria released by Chinese Ministry of Health which was equivalent to the SARS 'probable case' definition of WHO. All SARS cases had been reported to the relative authorities.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>By May 23, 2003, 5,186 persons had been quarantined in Haidian district, accounting for 0.23% of all residents. 1,028 of sampled quarantined residents completed the questionnaire. Of those who completed the questionnaire, 2.3% (95% CI: 1.5% - 3.5%) developed SARS while under quarantine. The median quarantine period was 14 days (range 1 day to 28 days). 61% of the quarantinees had a direct contact history with SARS patients, and all secondary SARS patients developed through contact to these quarantinees. The remaining 39% quarantinees who did not have a direct contact history with SARS patients had not developed SARS during the period under quarantine. 37% of the quarantees had direct contact during original patients' symptomatic period with an AR of 6.3%. Persons who looked after the illed SARS patient(s) during their symptomatic period, had an highest attack rate of 31% (95% CI: 20% - 44%). 63% (95% CI: 60% - 66%) of the total quarantined persons did not have direct contact with a SARS patient during his/her symptomatic period, with an attack rate of 0% (95% CI: 0% - 0.73%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Only those persons having direct contact with ill SARS patients need to be under quarantine. The overall cost for quarantine on SARS prevention could be reduced by as much as 63% if the quarantine program was limited to this group. No evidence was found that SARS patient was infective during the incubation period.</p>


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , China , Epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Quarantine , Methods , Psychology , Risk Factors , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome , Epidemiology , Psychology , Time Factors
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